Portal:Kemija
Kemija (starofrancosko alkemie; arabsko al-kimia - umetnost pretvorbe) je znanstvena veda o osnovnih atomskih gradnikih narave in njihovemu povezovanju v oblike trdnih teles, tekočin in plinov, ki tvorijo večino snovnih oblik.
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Atóm je najmanjši del snovi, ki ga kemijsko ne moremo več razstaviti. Beseda izhaja iz grščine: atomos - nedeljiv, iz a- - ne- + tomos - rez. Atomi so gradniki molekul in snovi kot take. Atomi se pri kemijskih reakcijah ohranjajo, že dobrih sto let pa je znano, da v resnici niso nedeljivi, ampak so sestavljeni iz še manjših delcev. Velikosti atomov so od 10 do 100 pm.
Stephen Hales [stéf'n hêjls], angleški fiziolog, fizik, kemik in izumitelj, * 17. september 1677, pri Bekesbourneu, grofija Kent, Anglija, † 4. januar 1761, Teddington, grofija Middlesex, Anglija. Hales je raziskoval pomen zraka in vode za življenje rastlin in živali. Podal je pravilne razlage o gibanju vode v rastlinah in pokazal, da rastline vsrkavajo zrak. Odkril je nevarnosti dihanja v zadušljivem zraku in izumil ventilator, ki je izboljšal življenjske pogoje na ladjah, bolnišnicah in zaporih. |
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|Znanost
Astronomija
Biologija
Kemija
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