Pogostost elementov v zemeljski skorji
Videz
(Preusmerjeno s strani Pogostost materialov v zemeljski skorji)
- | Z | Element | Simbol | Pogostost v litosferi[1] | Relativni delež (ppm)[2] | Proporcija (ppm)[3] | Proporcija (ppm)[4] | Proporcija (ppm)[5] | Proizvodnja (2012, v tonah)[6] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 8 | kisik | O | 460,000 | 474,000 | 460,000 | 467,100 | 461,000 | |
2 | 14 | silicij [A] | Si | 277,200 | 277,100 | 270,000 | 276,900 | 282,000 | 7,600,000 |
3 | 13 | aluminij | Al | 81,300 | 82,000 | 82,000 | 80,700 | 82,300 | 44,900,000 |
4 | 26 | železo | Fe | 50,000 | 41,000 | 63,000 | 50,500 | 56,300 | 1,100,000,000 |
5 | 20 | kalcij | Ca | 36,300 | 41,000 | 50,000 | 36,500 | 41,500 | |
6 | 11 | natrij | Na | 28,300 | 23,000 | 23,000 | 27,500 | 23,600 | 280,000,000 |
7 | 19 | kalij | K | 25,900 | 21,000 | 15,000 | 25,800 | 20,900 | 34,000 |
8 | 12 | magnezij | Mg | 20,900 | 23,000 | 29,000 | 20,800 | 23,300 | 750,000 |
9 | 22 | titan | Ti | 4,400 | 5,600 | 6,600 | 6,200 | 5,600 | 6,500,000 |
10 | 1 | vodik | H | 1,400 | 1,500 | 1,400 | 1,400 | ||
11 | 15 | fosfor | P | 1,200 | 1,000 | 1,000 | 1,300 | 1,050 | |
12 | 25 | mangan | Mn | 1,000 | 950 | 1,100 | 900 | 950 | 16,000,000 |
13 | 9 | fluor | F | 800 | 950 | 540 | 290 | 585 | |
14 | 56 | barij | Ba | 500 | 340 | 500 | 425 | ||
15 | 6 | ogljik [B] | C | 300 | 480 | 1,800 | 940 | 200 | |
16 | 38 | stroncij | Sr | 370 | 360 | 370 | 380,000 | ||
17 | 16 | žveplo | S | 500 | 260 | 420 | 520 | 350 | 70,000,000 |
18 | 40 | cirkonij | Zr | 190 | 130 | 250 | 165 | 1,420,000 | |
19 | 74 | volfram | W | 160.6 | 1.1 | 1.25 | 73,000 | ||
20 | 23 | vanadij | V | 100 | 160 | 190 | 120 | 63,000 | |
21 | 17 | klor | Cl | 500 | 130 | 170 | 450 | 145 | 280,000,000 |
22 | 24 | krom | Cr | 100 | 100 | 140 | 350 | 102 | 24,000,000 |
23 | 37 | rubidij | Rb | 300 | 90 | 60 | 90 | ||
24 | 28 | nikelj | Ni | 80 | 90 | 190 | 84 | 2,100,000 | |
25 | 30 | cink | Zn | 75 | 79 | 70 | 13,000,000 | ||
26 | 29 | baker | Cu | 100 | 50 | 68 | 60 | 17,000,000 | |
27 | 58 | cerij | Ce | 68 | 60 | 66.5 | |||
28 | 60 | neodim | Nd | 38 | 33 | 41.5 | |||
29 | 57 | lantan | La | 32 | 34 | 39 | |||
30 | 39 | itrij | Y | 30 | 29 | 33 | 8,900 | ||
31 | 7 | dušik | N | 50 | 25 | 20 | 19 | 137,000,000 | |
32 | 27 | kobalt | Co | 20 | 30 | 25 | 110,000 | ||
33 | 3 | litij | Li | 20 | 17 | 20 | 37,000 | ||
34 | 41 | niobij | Nb | 20 | 17 | 20 | 69,000 | ||
35 | 31 | galij | Ga | 18 | 19 | 19 | |||
36 | 21 | skandij | Sc | 16 | 26 | 22 | |||
37 | 82 | svinec | Pb | 14 | 10 | 14 | 5,200,000 | ||
38 | 62 | samarij | Sm | 7.9 | 6 | 7.05 | |||
39 | 90 | torij | Th | 12 | 6 | 9.6 | |||
40 | 59 | prazeodim | Pr | 9.5 | 8.7 | 9.2 | |||
41 | 5 | bor | B | 950 | 8.7 | 10 | 4,600,000 | ||
42 | 64 | gadolinij | Gd | 7.7 | 5.2 | 6.2 | |||
43 | 66 | disprozij | Dy | 6 | 6.2 | 5.2 | |||
44 | 72 | hafnij | Hf | 5.3 | 3.3 | 3.0 | |||
45 | 68 | erbij | Er | 3.8 | 3.0 | 3.5 | |||
46 | 70 | iterbij | Yb | 3.3 | 2.8 | 3.2 | |||
47 | 55 | cezij | Cs | 3 | 1.9 | 3 | |||
48 | 4 | berilij | Be | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.8 | 230 | ||
49 | 50 | kositer | Sn | 0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 230,000 | |
50 | 63 | evropij | Eu | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.0 | |||
51 | 92 | uran | U | 0 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 66,512 | ||
52 | 73 | tantal | Ta | 2 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 765 | ||
53 | 32 | germanij | Ge | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 128 | ||
54 | 42 | molibden | Mo | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 250,000 | ||
55 | 33 | arzen | As | 1.5 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 44,000 | ||
56 | 67 | holmij | Ho | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | |||
57 | 65 | terbij | Tb | 1.1 | 0.94 | 1.2 | |||
58 | 69 | tulij | Tm | 0.48 | 0.45 | 0.52 | |||
59 | 35 | brom | Br | 0.37 | 3 | 2.4 | 580,000 | ||
60 | 81 | talij | Tl | 0.6 | 0.530 | 0.850 | 10 | ||
61 | 71 | lutecij[7] | Lu | 0.5 | |||||
62 | 51 | antimon | Sb | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 180,000 | ||
63 | 53 | jod | I | 0.14 | 0.490 | 0.450 | 28,000 | ||
64 | 48 | kadmij | Cd | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 23,000 | ||
65 | 47 | srebro | Ag | 0.070 | 0.080 | 0.075 | 24,000 | ||
66 | 80 | živo srebro | Hg | 0.05 | 0.067 | 0.085 | 1,600 | ||
67 | 34 | selen | Se | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 2,000 | ||
68 | 49 | indij | In | 0.049 | 0.160 | 0.250 | 670 | ||
69 | 83 | bizmut | Bi | 0.048 | 0.025 | 0.0085 | 7,400 | ||
70 | 52 | telur | Te | 0.005 | 0.001 | 0.001 | |||
71 | 78 | platina | Pt | 0.003 | 0.0037 | 0.005 | 179 | ||
72 | 79 | zlato | Au | 0.0011 | 0.0031 | 0.004 | 2,700 | ||
73 | 44 | rutenij | Ru | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | |||
74 | 46 | paladij | Pd | 0.0006 | 0.0063 | 0.015 | 200 | ||
75 | 75 | renij | Re | 0.0004 | 0.0026 | 0.0007 | 52 | ||
76 | 77 | iridij | Ir | 0.0003 | 0.0004 | 0.001 | |||
77 | 45 | rodij | Rh | 0.0002 | 0.0007 | 0.001 | |||
78 | 76 | osmij | Os | 0.0001 | 0.0018 | 0.0015 |
Sklici in reference
[uredi | uredi kodo]- ↑ »Elements, Terrestrial Abundance«. www.daviddarling.info. Arhivirano iz spletišča dne 10. aprila 2007. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007.
- ↑ Barbalace, Kenneth. »Periodic Table of Elements«. Environmental Chemistry.com. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007.[mrtva povezava]
- ↑ »Abundance in Earth's Crust«. WebElements.com. Arhivirano iz spletišča dne 9. marca 2007. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007.
- ↑ »List of Periodic Table Elements Sorted by Abundance in Earth's crust«. Israel Science and Technology Homepage. Pridobljeno 15. aprila 2007.
- ↑ »It's Elemental — The Periodic Table of Elements«. Jefferson Lab. Arhivirano iz spletišča dne 29. aprila 2007. Pridobljeno 14. aprila 2007.
- ↑ Commodity Statistics and Information. USGS. All production numbers are for mines, except for Al, Cd, Fe, Ge, In, N, Se (plants, refineries), S (all forms) and As, Br, Mg, Si (unspecified). Data for B, K, Ti, Y are given not for the pure element but for the most common oxide, data for Na and Cl are for NaCl. For many elements like Si, Al, data are ambiguos (many forms produced) and are taken for the pure element. U data is pure element required for consumption by current reactor fleet [1] Arhivirano 2017-10-01 na Wayback Machine.. WNA.
- ↑ Emsley, John (2001). Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements. Oxford University Press. str. 240–242. ISBN 0-19-850341-5.
- BookRags, Periodic Table.
- World Book Encyclopedia, Exploring Earth.
- HyperPhysics, Georgia State University, Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust.
- Data Series 140, Historical Statistics for Mineral and Material Commodities in the United States, Version 2011, USGS [2].
- Scerri, E. R. (2007). The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance. New York : Oxford University Press. COBISS 28909317. ISBN 978-0-19-530573-9.