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North American XB-70 Valkyrie

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XB-70 Valkyrie
White delta-wing aircraft overflying mountains. At the front of aircraft are canards. Tips of wings are drooped down.
XB-70 leta 1968 NASA foto
Vloga Strateški bombnik
Nadzvočno raziskovalno letalo
Izvor ZDA
Proizvajalec/-ci North American
Krstni polet 21. september 1964
Upokojen 4. februar 1969
Status Upokojen
Glavni uporabniki USAF
NASA
Število izdelanih 2
Cena programa US$ 1,5 milijard<
Cena enote US$750 milijonov

North American Aviation XB-70 Valkyrie je bil prototip ameriškega strateškega bombnika, ki naj bi postal B-70. Načrtovalo ga je podjetje North American Aviation v poznih 1950ih. Imel je šest motorjev in naj bi letel pri hitrosti Mach 3 na višini 21 000 metrov. Taka hitrost bi mu omogočila izogibanje lovcem prestreznikom, edino proti bombniško orožje tistega časa, ko vodljive protiletalske rakete še niso bile na voljo oziroma so imele omejene sposobnosti.

North American XB-70

Napredne protiletalske rakete, nove interkontinentalne balistične rakete - ICBM in visoka cena bombnika so vodile k ukinitvi programa. En prototip je bil izgubljen v zračnem trčenju z zasledovalnim letalom.

Tehnične specifikacije (XB-70A)

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  • Posadka: 2
  • Dolžina: 189 ft 0 in (57,6 m)
  • Razpon kril: 105 ft 0 in (32 m)
  • Višina: 30 ft 0 in (9,1 m)
  • Površina kril: 6 297 ft² (585 m²)
  • Prazna teža: 253 600 lb (115 030 kg)
  • Naložena teža: 534 700 lb (242 500 kg)
  • Maks. vzletna teža: 542 000 lb (246 000 kg)
  • Motorji: 6 × General Electric YJ93-GE-3 turboreaktivni
  • Potisk: (suh) 19 900 lbf (84 kN) vsak; potisk z dodatnim zgorevanjem: 28 800 lbf (128 kN) vsak
  • Kapaciteta goriva: 300 000 lb (136 100 kg) ali 46 745 US gallons (177 000 L)
  • Maks. hitrost: Mach 3,1 (2 056 mph, 3 309 km/h)
  • Potovalna hitrost: Mach 3,0 (2 000 mph, 3 200 km/h)
  • Dolet: 3 725 nmi (4 288 mi, 6 900 km)
  • Višina leta (servisna): 77 350 ft (23 600 m)
  • Obremenitev kril: 84,93 lb/ft² (414,7 kg/m²)
  • Razmerje vzgon/upor: približno 6 na Mach 2
  • Razmerje potisk/teža: 0,314

Glej tudi

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Sklici in referenc

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Bibliografija

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  • Conway, Erik M. High-speed Dreams: NASA and the Technopolitics of Supersonic Transportation, 1945–1999. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. ISBN 0-8018-8067-X.
  • "Fundamentals of Aerospace Weapon Systems". Air University, Maxwell AFB, May 1961.
  • Greenwood, John T. (ed). Milestones of Aviation: National Air and Space Museum. Westport, Connecticut: Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc., 1995 (first published: 1989). ISBN 0-88363-661-1.
  • Hannah, Craig. Striving for Air Superiority: The Tactical Air Command in Vietnam. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press, 2002, First edition 2001. ISBN 978-1-58544-146-4
  • Heppenheimer, T. A. "Facing the Heat Barrier: A History of Hypersonics, part 1, "part 2." NASA, NASA History Series, 2006. Retrieved: 6 April 2009.
  • Jenkins, Dennis R. B-1 Lancer, The Most Complicated Warplane Ever Developed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999. ISBN 0-07-134694-5.
  • Jenkins, Dennis R. Lockheed SR-71/YF-12 Blackbirds (WarbirdTech Series, Volume 10). North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 1997. ISBN 0-933424-85-X.
  • Jenkins, Dennis R. and Tony R. Landis. North American XB-70A Valkyrie WarbirdTech Volume 34. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2002. ISBN 1-58007-056-6.
  • Jenkins, Dennis R. and Tony R. Landis. Valkyrie: North American's Mach 3 Superbomber. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2005. ISBN 1-58007-072-8.
  • Lang, Walt N. United States Military Almanac. New York: Random House, 1989. ISBN 0-517-16092-7.
  • Knaack, Marcelle Size (1988). Post-World War II bombers, 1945-1973. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-16-002260-6.
  • Koenig, William and Peter Scofield. Soviet Military Power. London: Arms and Armour Press, 1983. ISBN 978-0-85368-592-0.
  • Machat, Mike. "XB-70 Valkyrie: Rollout and First Flights, May 1964 – June 1966." Wings Volume 35, No. 8, August 2005.
  • Miller, Jay. Convair B-58 Hustler (Aerograph 4). Tulsa, Oklahoma: Aerofax, 1985. ISBN 978-0-942548-26-6.
  • Moon, Howard. Soviet SST: The Techno-Politics Of The Tupolev-144. Westminster, Maryland: Orion Books, 1989. ISBN 978-0-517-56601-5.
  • Pedlow, Gregory W. and Donald E. Welzenbach. "Chapter 6: The U-2's Intended Successor: Project Oxcart, 1956–1968."[mrtva povezava] The Central Intelligence Agency and Overhead Reconnaissance: The U-2 and OXCART Programs, 1954–1974. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 1992. No ISBN.
  • Pace, Steve. North American XB-70 Valkyrie, second edition. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: TAB Books, 1990. ISBN 0-8306-8620-7.
  • Pace, Steve. "Triplesonic Twosome". Wings Volume 18, No. 1, February 1988.
  • Rees, Ed. "The Furor Over Fantastic Plane." Life, 17 October 1960, pp. 125–126.
  • Spick, Mike. Modern Fighting Aircraft: B-1B. New York: Prentice Hall, 1986. ISBN 0-13-055237-2.
  • Taube, L.J., Study Manager. "SD 72-SH-0003, B-70 Aircraft Study Final Report, Vol. I." North American Rockwell via NASA, April 1972: Vol. II: Vol. III: Vol. IV.
  • von Braun Wernher (Estate of), Frederick I. Ordway III and David Jr. Dooling. Space Travel: A History. New York: Harper & Row, 1985, first edition, 1975. ISBN 0-06-181898-4.
  • Winchester, Jim (2005). "North American XB-70 Valkyrie." Concept Aircraft: Prototypes, X-Planes and Experimental Aircraft. Kent, UK: Grange Books plc. ISBN 978-1-84013-809-2.
  • York, Herbert Jr. Race to Oblivion: A Participant's View of the Arms Race. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1978. ISBN 0-06-181898-4.

Zunanje povezave

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{Commons category|North American XB-70}}

History.com XB-70 crash footage
USAF WPAFB images
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