Ogled vira Slon

{{about|živečih vrstah|izumrle sorodnike poznane kot sloni|Elephantidae|ostalo}}
{{Taksonomka
 | name                = Slon
 | image               = African Bush Elephant.jpg
 | image_caption       = Samica [[afriški gozdni slon|afriškega gozdnega slona]] v Tanzaniji.
 | regnum = [[Animalia]] (živali)
 | phylum = [[Chordata]] (strunarji)
 | subphylum = [[Vertebrata]] (vretenčarji)
 | classis = [[Mammalia]] (sesalci)
 | superordo           = [[Afrotheria]]
 | ordo = [[Proboscidea]] (trobčarji)
 | familia = '''Elephantidae'''
 | familia_authority   = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1821
 | subdivision_ranks   = Rodovi
 | subdivision         = {{plainlist|
* ''[[Loxodonta]]'' (afriški slon)
* ''[[Elephas]]'' (azijski slon)}}
}}
'''Sloni''' so večja skupina [[sesalci|sesalcev]], ki tvorijo [[družina (biologija)|družina]] [[živali]] [[Elephantidae]] (sloni) v redu [[Trobčarji|trobčarjev]] ''(Proboscidea)''. Danes so poznane tri živeče vrste, ki jim grozi izumrtje: [[afriški gozdni slon]], [[afriški savanski slon]] in [[azijski slon]] (znan tudi kot indijski slon). Sloni živijo v [[Podsaharska Afrika|podsaharski Afriki]], [[Južna Azija|Južni Aziji]] in [[Jugovzhodna Azija|Jugovzhodni Aziji]]. Družina Elephantidae (sloni) je edina preživela družina iz roda Proboscidea (trobčarji); ostali, danes izumrli, člani reda vključujejo [[Deinotheriidae|dinoterij]]e, [[gomfoterij]]e, [[mamut]]e in [[mastodon]]e.

==Taksonomija==
===Klasifikacija, vrste in podvrste===
{{cladogram|style=font-size:70%|align=left|caption=Kladogram slonov znotraj [[Afrotheria]], ki temelji na molekularnih dokazih<ref name=tabuce>{{cite journal|url=http://phylodiversity.net/azanne/csfar/images/d/d9/Afrotherian_mammals.pdf|first=R.|last=Tabuce|first2=R. J.|last2=Asher|first3=T.|last3=Lehmann|year=2008|title=Afrotherian mammals: a review of current data|journal=Mammalia|volume=72|pages=2–14|doi=10.1515/MAMM.2008.004|access-date=2018-12-29|archive-date=2021-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224122358/http://phylodiversity.net/azanne/csfar/images/d/d9/Afrotherian_mammals.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{clade
|label1=[[Afrotheria]]
|1={{Clade
   |label1=[[Afroinsectiphilia]]
   |1={{Clade
      |label1=[[Tubulidentata]]
                 |1=[[Orycteropodidae]] [[File:Aardvark2 (PSF) colourised.png|60 px]]
      |label2=[[Afroinsectivora]]
      |2={{Clade
         |label1=[[Macroscelidea]]
                    |1=[[Macroscelididae]] [[File:Rhynchocyon chrysopygus-J Smit white background.jpg|50 px]]
         |label2=[[Afrosoricida]]
                     |2={{Clade
                         |1=[[Chrysochloridae]] [[File:The animal kingdom, arranged according to its organization, serving as a foundation for the natural history of animals (Pl. 18) (Chrysochloris asiatica).jpg|50 px]]
                         |2=[[Tenrecidae]] [[File:Brehms Thierleben - Allgemeine Kunde des Thierreichs (1876) (Tenrec ecaudatus).jpg|50 px]]
      }} }} }}
   |label2=[[Paenungulata]]
   |2={{Clade
      |label1=[[Hyrax|Hyracoidea]]
                 |1=[[Hyrax|Procaviidae]] [[File:DendrohyraxEminiSmit white background.jpg|50 px]]
      |label2=[[Tethytheria]]
      |2={{Clade
         |label1=[[Proboscidea]]
                    |1=[[Elephantidae]] [[File:Elephant white background.png|70 px]]
         |label2=[[Sirenia]]
                     |2={{Clade
                         |1=[[Dugongidae]] [[File:Dugong dugon Hardwicke white background.jpg|60 px]]
                         |2=[[Trichechidae]] [[File:Manatee white background.jpg|60 px]]
         }} }} }} }} }}}}

{{clear}}
{{multiple image
 | direction = horizontal
 | width = 200
 | align = left
 | image1 = African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) bull (31100819046).jpg
 | caption1 = Afriški savanski slon v Južni Afriki
 | image2 = L'éléphant de forêt d'Afrique (Loxodonta cyclotis).jpg
 | caption2 = Afriški gozdni slon v Gabonu
 | image3 = Elephas maximus (Bandipur).jpg
 | caption3 = Azijski slon v Indiji
}}

{{clear}}

==Evolucija in izumrli sorodniki==
[[File:Elephas antiquus.jpg|thumb|right|File:Elephas antiquus.jpg|Fosilna lobanja in model ''Palaeoloxodon antiquus'', verjetno najbližji znan sorodnik današnjega afriškega gozdnega slona]]
{{cladogram|caption=Filogenija trobčarjev (Proboscidea), ki temelji na Shoshani 1998.<ref name=evolution>{{cite journal|author=Shoshani, J.|year=1998|title=Understanding proboscidean evolution: a formidable task|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_trends-in-ecology-evolution_1998-12_13_12/page/480|journal=Trends in Ecology and Evolution|volume=13|issue=12|pages=480–87|doi=10.1016/S0169-5347(98)01491-8}}</ref>|align=left
|{{clade
|label1=[[Proboscidea]]
|1={{clade
|1=zgodnji trobčarji, e.g. ''[[Moeritherium]]'' [[File:Moeritherium NT small.jpg|70px]]
|2={{clade
   |1=[[Deinotheriidae]] [[File:Deinotherium12.jpg|70px]]
   |label2=[[Elephantiformes]]
   |2={{clade
      |1=[[Mammutidae]] [[File:BlankMastodon.jpg|70px]]
       |2={{clade
         |1=[[Gomphotheriidae]] [[File:Gomphotherium NT small.jpg|70px]]
         |2={{clade
            |1=[[Stegodontidae]] [[File:Stegodon Siwalik Hills.jpg|110px]]
            |label2=[[Elephantidae]]
            |2={{clade
               |1=''[[Loxodonta]]'' [[File:Elephant in Tanzania 0882 Nevit.jpg|70px]]
               |2={{clade
                  |1=''[[Mammuthus]]'' [[File:Mammuthus trogontherii122DB.jpg|70px]]
                  |2=''[[Elephas]]'' [[File:Zoorashia elephant.jpg|70px]]
                  }}
               }}
            }}
         }}
      }}
   }}
 }}
}}
}}
{{clear}}

==Sklici==
{{sklici|1}}

== Zunanje povezave ==
{{Sister project links |wikt=slon |commons=Category:Elephants |n=no |q=no |v=no }}
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* [http://www.elephantvoices.org/ ElephantVoices] – information about elephant communication
{{Wikivrste|Elephantidae}}

[[Kategorija:Trobčarji]]
[[Kategorija:Sloni|*]]

{{normativna kontrola}}